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1.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 67(7): 404-415, ago.-sept. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-199535

RESUMO

En 2017 la sección de Neurociencias de la Sociedad Española de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor publicó una encuesta nacional sobre los circuitos de atención y tratamiento postoperatorio en neurocirugía. La encuesta evidenció una gran heterogeneidad de respuestas en función del centro, el anestesiólogo y la afección del paciente. En la actualidad, no disponemos de un estándar de circuito postoperatorio y existe evidencia suficiente para no indicar de forma rutinaria el ingreso en Unidades de Cuidados Críticos Postquirúrgicos a todos los pacientes intervenidos de craneotomía programada. El objetivo de este estudio es hacer una revisión narrativa de los circuitos postoperatorios en la craneotomía programada, para intentar homogeneizar nuestra práctica clínica a la luz de los estudios publicados. Se ha hecho una revisión bibliográfica de los últimos diez años, fecha de actualización noviembre 2019, utilizando las palabras clave neurosurgery and postoperative care y craniotomyand postoperative care en MEDLINE (PubMed)


In 2017, the Neurosciences section of the Spanish Society of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Therapy published a national survey on postoperative care and treatment circuits in neurosurgery. The survey showed that practices vary widely, depending on the centre, the anaesthesiologist and the pathology of the patient. There is currently no standard postoperative circuit for cranial neurosurgical procedures in Spanish hospitals, and there is sufficient evidence to show that not all patients undergoing elective craniotomy should be routinely admitted to a postsurgical critical care unit. The aim of this study is to perform a narrative review of postoperative circuits in elective craniotomy in order to standardise clinical practice in the light of published studies. For this purpose, we searched MEDLINE (PubMed) to retrieve studies published in the last ten years, up to November 2019, using the keywords neurosurgery and postoperative care, craniotomyand postoperative care


Assuntos
Humanos , Craniotomia/métodos , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/métodos , Monitorização Neurofisiológica/métodos , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Cuidados Críticos/métodos
2.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32561114

RESUMO

In 2017, the Neurosciences section of the Spanish Society of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Therapy published a national survey on postoperative care and treatment circuits in neurosurgery. The survey showed that practices vary widely, depending on the centre, the anaesthesiologist and the pathology of the patient. There is currently no standard postoperative circuit for cranial neurosurgical procedures in Spanish hospitals, and there is sufficient evidence to show that not all patients undergoing elective craniotomy should be routinely admitted to a postsurgical critical care unit. The aim of this study is to perform a narrative review of postoperative circuits in elective craniotomy in order to standardise clinical practice in the light of published studies. For this purpose, we searched MEDLINE (PubMed) to retrieve studies published in the last ten years, up to November 2019, using the keywords neurosurgery and postoperative care, craniotomyand postoperative care.


Assuntos
Craniotomia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Eletivos , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Algoritmos , Humanos
3.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 61(2): 143-152, mar.-abr. 2019. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-185124

RESUMO

Objetivo: El tratamiento endovascular con dispositivos de trombectomía mecánica demostró altos índices de recanalización, si bien el resultado funcional no guardó relación con los altos índices de recanalización obtenidos. La selección de los pacientes previa al tratamiento endovascular es muy importante en el resultado final de estos pacientes. El objetivo principal de nuestro estudio fue hacer una valoración del valor pronóstico de la escala ASPECTS (Escala Precoz por TC del Programa de ACV de Alberta) y del índice puente-mesencéfalo (IPM) en pacientes con oclusiones de la arteria basilar (OAB) sometidos, con éxito, a recanalización angiográfica tras trombectomía mecánica. Métodos: Este estudio retrospectivo de un único centro incluyó 18 pacientes entre los años 2008 y 2013 con oclusiones de la arteria basilar que fueron sometidos a tratamiento endovascular dentro de las 24 horas siguientes al inicio de los síntomas y con una exitosa recanalización angiográfica. Inicialmente, los pacientes fueron clasificados en dos grupos según el resultado clínico y la mortalidad a los 90 días. Para el análisis, los pacientes también fueron divididos en grupos de imágenes utilizando, para ello, la escala ASPECTS-CP (≥8 vs.<8) y el IPM (≥3 vs. <3) mediante tomografías computarizadas sin contraste (TCSC) e imágenes fuente de la angio-TC (IFATC). Los datos de las imágenes se compararon tanto con los resultados clínicos como con la tasa de mortalidad. Resultados: La escala ASPECTS-CP mediante IFATC, dicotomizada a <8 vs. ≥8, se asoció a un resultado favorable (riesgo relativo [RR]: 2,6; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%: 1,3-5,2), así como a un menor riesgo de mortalidad (RR: 6,5; IC del 95%: 7,8-23,3). La puntuación en la escala ASPECTS-CP de todos los pacientes que sobrevivieron y fueron funcionalmente independientes fue igual o superior a 8. Ninguno de los cinco pacientes con puntuaciones en la escala ASPECTS-CP mediante IFATC por debajo de 8 sobrevivió. Conclusión: La escala ASPECTS-CP mediante IFATC sirve de ayuda a la hora de predecir el resultado funcional tras recanalización de la OAB mediante tratamiento endovascular. Estos resultados deberían ser validados en un ensayo controlado aleatorizado para decidir si tratar, o no, a un paciente con OAB


Purpose: Endovascular treatment with mechanical thrombectomy devices demonstrated high recanalization rates but functional outcome did not correlate with high rates of recanalization obtained. Patient selection prior to the endovascular treatment is very important in the final outcome of the patient. The primary aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic value of posterior circulation Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (pc-ASPECTS) and Pons-Midbrain Index (PMI) scores in patients with Basilar Artery Occlusion (BAO) treated with successful angiographic recanalization after mechanical thrombectomy. Methods: Retrospective single-center study including 18 patients between 2008 and 2013 who had acute basilar artery occlusion managed with endovascular treatment within 24hours from symptoms onset and with successful angiographic recanalization. The patients were initially classified into two groups according to clinical outcome and mortality at 90 days. For analysis we also divided patients into groups based on pc-ASPECTS (≥8vs.<8) and PMI (≥3vs.<3) on non-contrast CT (NCCT) and CT Angiography Source Images (CTASI). Imaging data were correlated to clinical outcome and mortality rate. Results: CTASI pc-ASPECTS, dichotomized at <8 versus≥8, was associated with a favorable outcome (RR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.3-5.2) and a reduced risk of death (RR: 6.5: 95% CI: 7.8-23.3). All patients that survived and were functionally independent had pc-ASPECTS score≥8. None of the 5 patients with CTASI pc-ASPECTS score less than 8 survived. Conclusion: PC-ASPECTS on CTASI is helpful for predicting functional outcome after BAO recanalization with endovascular treatment. These results should be validated in a randomized controlled trial in order to decide whether or not to treat a patient with BAO


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Trombectomia/métodos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Artéria Basilar/diagnóstico por imagem , Arteriopatias Oclusivas/diagnóstico por imagem , Resultado do Tratamento , Estudos Retrospectivos , Angiografia/métodos , Biomarcadores/análise , Mesencéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem
4.
Radiologia (Engl Ed) ; 61(2): 143-152, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30616862

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Endovascular treatment with mechanical thrombectomy devices demonstrated high recanalization rates but functional outcome did not correlate with high rates of recanalization obtained. Patient selection prior to the endovascular treatment is very important in the final outcome of the patient. The primary aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic value of posterior circulation Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (pc-ASPECTS) and Pons-Midbrain Index (PMI) scores in patients with Basilar Artery Occlusion (BAO) treated with successful angiographic recanalization after mechanical thrombectomy. METHODS: Retrospective single-center study including 18 patients between 2008 and 2013 who had acute basilar artery occlusion managed with endovascular treatment within 24hours from symptoms onset and with successful angiographic recanalization. The patients were initially classified into two groups according to clinical outcome and mortality at 90 days. For analysis we also divided patients into groups based on pc-ASPECTS (≥8vs.<8) and PMI (≥3vs.<3) on non-contrast CT (NCCT) and CT Angiography Source Images (CTASI). Imaging data were correlated to clinical outcome and mortality rate. RESULTS: CTASI pc-ASPECTS, dichotomized at <8 versus≥8, was associated with a favorable outcome (RR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.3-5.2) and a reduced risk of death (RR: 6.5: 95% CI: 7.8-23.3). All patients that survived and were functionally independent had pc-ASPECTS score≥8. None of the 5 patients with CTASI pc-ASPECTS score less than 8 survived. CONCLUSION: PC-ASPECTS on CTASI is helpful for predicting functional outcome after BAO recanalization with endovascular treatment. These results should be validated in a randomized controlled trial in order to decide whether or not to treat a patient with BAO.


Assuntos
Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Trombólise Mecânica , Insuficiência Vertebrobasilar/cirurgia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Procedimentos Endovasculares/mortalidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Trombólise Mecânica/mortalidade , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Seleção de Pacientes , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tempo para o Tratamento , Resultado do Tratamento , Insuficiência Vertebrobasilar/diagnóstico por imagem , Insuficiência Vertebrobasilar/mortalidade
5.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 64(8): 441-452, oct. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-165888

RESUMO

Introducción. El análisis de los procesos quirúrgicos debe ser un estándar de los sistemas de salud. Describimos el circuito de atención y tratamiento postoperatorio para intervenciones neuroquirúrgicas en los centros de nuestro país. Material y métodos. Desde junio a octubre de 2014 se difundió una encuesta a jefes de Anestesiología de 73 hospitales españoles con neurocirugía y a miembros de la Sección de Neurociencia de la SEDAR, sobre tratamientos perioperatorios y sobre los circuitos postoperatorios tras procedimientos neuroquirúrgicos. Resultados. Obtuvimos 45 respuestas de 30 centros (41,09%). Un 60% de los anestesiólogos realiza tratamiento preventivo analgésico locorregional; la intensidad del dolor es evaluada sistemáticamente por un 78%. Las combinaciones de paracetamol, antiinflamatorios no esteroideos y morfina son las más utilizadas. Un 51,1% conoce la incidencia de NVPO tras craneotomía y el 86,7% considera necesaria la profilaxis multimodal. La dexametasona se administra como antiemético (88,9%) y/o tratamiento antiedema (68,9%). Un 44,4% de los anestesiólogos administra sistemáticamente profilaxis anticomicial en pacientes con tumores supratentoriales (levetiracetam, 88,9%). El 73,3% de los anestesiólogos disponen de protocolos de vigilancia postoperatoria. El anestesiólogo (73,3%) es quien decide el destino del paciente, que suele ser UCI (83,3%) o URPA (50%). La monitorización neurológica en el postoperatorio varió según el tipo de intervención, si bien la fuerza y la sensibilidad se exploraron en el 70-80%. Conclusiones. Existe una gran variabilidad en las respuestas, probablemente atribuible a la ausencia de guías, diferentes estructuras y equipamiento hospitalario, tipo de cirugía y personal cualificado. Necesitamos protocolos consensuados para estandarizar el tratamiento y el grado de monitorización necesaria durante el postoperatorio (AU)


Introduction. The analysis of surgical processes should be a standard of health systems. We describe the circuit of care and postoperative treatment for neurosurgical interventions in the centres of our country. Material and methods. From June to October 2014, a survey dealing with perioperative treatments and postoperative circuits after neurosurgical procedures was sent to the chiefs of Anaesthesiology of 73 Spanish hospitals with neurosurgery and members of the Neuroscience Section of SEDAR. Results. We obtained 45 responses from 30 centres (41.09%). Sixty percent of anaesthesiologists perform preventive locoregional analgesic treatment. Pain intensity is systematically assessed by 78%. Paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and morphine combinations are the most commonly used. A percentage of 51.1 are aware of the incidence of postoperative nausea after craniotomy and 86.7% consider multimodal prophylaxis to be necessary. Dexamethasone is given as antiemetic (88.9%) and/or anti-oedema treatment (68.9%). A percentage of 44.4 of anaesthesiologists routinely administer anticonvulsive prophylaxis in patients with supratentorial tumours (levetiracetam, 88.9%), and 73.3% of anaesthesiologists have postoperative surveillance protocols. The anaesthesiologist (73.3%) decides the patient's destination, which is usually ICU (83.3%) or PACU (50%). Postoperative neurological monitoring varied according to the type of intervention, although strength and sensitivity were explored in between 70-80%. Conclusions. There is great variability in the responses, probably attributable to the absence of guidelines, different structures and hospital equipment, type of surgery and qualified personnel. We need consensual protocols to standardize the treatment and the degree of monitoring needed during the postoperative period (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Neurocirurgia/métodos , Neurocirurgia/estatística & dados numéricos , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios/métodos , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Inquéritos e Questionários , Sistemas de Saúde/organização & administração , Acetaminofen/uso terapêutico , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Morfina/uso terapêutico , Náusea e Vômito Pós-Operatórios/prevenção & controle
6.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 64(8): 441-452, 2017 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28318531

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The analysis of surgical processes should be a standard of health systems. We describe the circuit of care and postoperative treatment for neurosurgical interventions in the centres of our country. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From June to October 2014, a survey dealing with perioperative treatments and postoperative circuits after neurosurgical procedures was sent to the chiefs of Anaesthesiology of 73 Spanish hospitals with neurosurgery and members of the Neuroscience Section of SEDAR. RESULTS: We obtained 45 responses from 30 centres (41.09%). Sixty percent of anaesthesiologists perform preventive locoregional analgesic treatment. Pain intensity is systematically assessed by 78%. Paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and morphine combinations are the most commonly used. A percentage of 51.1 are aware of the incidence of postoperative nausea after craniotomy and 86.7% consider multimodal prophylaxis to be necessary. Dexamethasone is given as antiemetic (88.9%) and/or anti-oedema treatment (68.9%). A percentage of 44.4 of anaesthesiologists routinely administer anticonvulsive prophylaxis in patients with supratentorial tumours (levetiracetam, 88.9%), and 73.3% of anaesthesiologists have postoperative surveillance protocols. The anaesthesiologist (73.3%) decides the patient's destination, which is usually ICU (83.3%) or PACU (50%). Postoperative neurological monitoring varied according to the type of intervention, although strength and sensitivity were explored in between 70-80%. CONCLUSIONS: There is great variability in the responses, probably attributable to the absence of guidelines, different structures and hospital equipment, type of surgery and qualified personnel. We need consensual protocols to standardize the treatment and the degree of monitoring needed during the postoperative period.


Assuntos
Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Anestesiologia/métodos , Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapêutico , Gerenciamento Clínico , Uso de Medicamentos , Humanos , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Monitorização Fisiológica/estatística & dados numéricos , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Manejo da Dor/estatística & dados numéricos , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios/estatística & dados numéricos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/terapia , Espanha
9.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 69(11): 506-507, dic. 2011. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-99267

RESUMO

El hamartoma congénito de músculo liso es una malformación cutánea benigna poco frecuente. Se trata de una acumulación hamartomatosa de las fibras musculares lisas provenientes de los músculos erectores del pelo. Está presente al nacimiento, habitualmente en forma de una placa indurada solitaria, con un grado variable de hiperpigmentación e hipertricosis. Puede persistir indefinidamente, aunque existe cierta tendencia a hacerse menos notoria con el tiempo. No suele requerir ningún tratamiento (AU)


The congenital smooth muscle hamartoma is a rare benign cutaneous malformation. It is a hamartomatous accumulation of the smooth muscular fibers from the hair erecting muscles. It usually exists since birth in the shape of solitary hardened plaque, with a variable degree of hyper pigmentation and hypertrichosis. It may persist indefinitely, though certain tendency exists of becoming less notorious with time. It usually does not need of any treatment (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Hamartoma/congênito , Músculo Liso/anormalidades , Anormalidades da Pele/diagnóstico
10.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 58(7): 362-364, sept.-oct. 2011. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-91098

RESUMO

Objetivo: Transmitir la experiencia con el uso de la mascarilla laríngea Proseal (MLP) en el manejo de la vía aérea de los pacientes sometidos a cirugía de derivación ventrículo peritoneal, en cuanto a su utilidad, eficacia y seguridad. Pacientes y métodos: Revisamos retrospectivamente las historias de todos los pacientes sometidos a derivación ventrículo peritoneal y ventilados con MLP entre enero del 2006 y octubre del 2009. Registramos las características demográficas de los pacientes, valoración de la vía aérea, tipo de anestesia, calidad de ventilación y complicaciones perioperatorias. Resultados: Se incluyeron 43 pacientes, 8 (18,6%) cumplían algún criterio de vía aérea difícil (VAD). La inserción de la MLP fue posible en todos los pacientes. La ventilación fue óptima en 39 pacientes (91%), manteniendo valores entre 35-40 mmHg de CO2 telespiratorio y presiones de vía aérea por debajo de 25 cmH2O durante todo el procedimiento. Tres pacientes (7%) presentaron fugas en la vía aérea al ser colocados en la posición quirúrgica cervical lateral forzada y precisaron intubación orotraqueal para iniciar la cirugía. El tiempo quirúrgico promedio fue de 53 minutos. La educción ocurrió sin incidentes en todos los casos. Conclusiones: La MLP es útil en el manejo de la vía aérea de los pacientes intervenidos de derivación ventriculoperitoneal, aunque debido a la posición forzada del cuello, puede ser necesario ajustar la colocación de la mascarilla, y en algunos casos la intubación orotraqueal. Como en otros usos avanzados se requiere experiencia en su uso y tener disponible el material de VAD(AU)


Objective: To describe the use, utility, safety, and effectiveness of the Proseal laryngeal mask for airway management in patients undergoing ventriculoperitoneal shunting. Patients and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of all patients in whom the Proseal laryngeal mask was used during ventriculoperitoneal shunting between January 2006 and October 2009. Patient demographic characteristics, airway assessments, type of anesthesia, quality of ventilation, and perioperative complications were recorded. Results: Of the 43 patients included, 8 (18.6%) had at least 1 difficult airway criterion. We were able to insert the Proseal laryngeal mask in all patients. Ventilation was optimal in 39 (91%) patients, with maintenance of end-expiratory carbon dioxide pressures between 35 and 40 mm Hg and airway pressures above 25 cm H2O throughout the procedures. Air leaks developed in 3 cases (7%) when the patient was placed in a lateralcervical position for surgery; these patients required orotracheal intubation before surgery could begin. Mean duration of surgery was 53 minutes. Awakening occurred without incident in all cases. Conclusions: The Proseal laryngeal mask is useful for airway management in patients undergoing ventriculoperitoneal shunting. Due to the forced position of the neck, however, it may be necessary to reposition the mask or even proceed to orotracheal intubation in some cases. As is the case for other advanced uses, experience with the device is necessary. Material for managing a difficult airway should be on hand(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Máscaras , Anestesia/classificação , Anestesia , Intubação Intratraqueal/métodos , Intubação/métodos , Máscaras/tendências , Eficácia/métodos , Avaliação de Eficácia-Efetividade de Intervenções , Estudos Retrospectivos
11.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 58(6): 362-4, 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21797086

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To describe the use, utility, safety, and effectiveness of the Proseal laryngeal mask for airway management in patients undergoing ventriculoperitonea shunting. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of all patients in whom the Proseal laryngeal mask was used during ventriculoperitoneal shunting between January 2006 and October 2009. Patient demographic characteristics, airway assessments, type of anesthesia, quality of ventilation, and perioperative complications were recorded. RESULTS: Of the 43 patients included, 8 (18.6%) had at least 1 difficult airway criterion. We were able to insert the Proseal laryngeal mask in all patients. Ventilation was optimal in 39 (91%) patients, with maintenance of end-expiratory carbon dioxide pressures between 35 and 40 mm Hg and airway pressures above 25 cm H2O throughout the procedures. Air leaks developed in 3 cases (7%) when the patient was placed in a lateral-cervical position for surgery; these patients required orotracheal intubation before surgery could begin. Mean duration of surgery was 53 minutes. Awakening occurred without incident in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: The Proseal laryngeal mask is useful for airway management in patients undergoing ventriculoperitoneal shunting. Due to the forced position of the neck, however, it may be necessary to reposition the mask or even proceed to orotracheal intubation in some cases. As is the case for other advanced uses, experience with the device is necessary. Material for managing a difficult airway should be on hand.


Assuntos
Máscaras Laríngeas , Derivação Ventriculoperitoneal , Manuseio das Vias Aéreas , Desenho de Equipamento , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos
12.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 69(2): 75-77, feb. 2011. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-88291

RESUMO

Hoy en día, en los países occidentales cada vez son más populares los tatuajes temporales realizados con henna. Este producto se obtiene de las hojas secas y los tallos de un arbusto cultivado en la India, Sri Lanka y el norte de África. Para conseguir diferentes tonalidades pueden añadirse ciertas sustancias, como limón, vinagre, eucalipto o café. La parafenilendiamina (PPD) es uno de los aditivos utilizados para acelerar el secado, mejorar la definición y oscurecer el color rojizo, y constituye la principal causa de la dermatitis alérgica de contacto (DAC) en los tatuajes con henna. Presentamos un nuevo caso de un niño con DAC tras un tatuaje temporal, con test cutáneos positivos a PPD, mezcla de tiuram y mezcla de gomas negras. El uso de plantillas de plástico que se adhieren a la piel para facilitar la realización del tatuaje explica la sensibilización a la mezcla de tiuram. Las lesiones del paciente se curaron dejando una marcada hipopigmentación residual (AU)


Nowadays temporary henna tattoos have become more popular in Western countries. Henna is obtained from the dried leaves and stalks of a shrub cultivated in India, Sri Lanka and North Africa. To get different shades of color substances such as lemon oil, vinegar, eucalyptus oil or coffee may be added. Paraphenylendiamine (PPD) is one of the additives used to accelerate drying, improve definition and darken its reddish color, and it’s the main cause of allergic contact dermatitis to henna tattoo. We describe a new case of allergic contact dermatitis to temporary tattoo in a child with skin tests positive for PPD, thiuram mix and black rubber mix. The use of stick-on rubber stencils to apply designs more easily is the possible cause of sensitization to thiuram mix. The lesions of the patient cleared with a marked residual hypo pigmentation (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Lawsonia (Planta)/efeitos adversos , Tatuagem/efeitos adversos , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/etiologia
13.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 68(7): 358-359, jul. 2010. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-83411

RESUMO

La aftosis oral recurrente es la patología más frecuente de mucosa oral, y se presenta en un 20-50% de la población general. Es un trastorno de etiología desconocida, y aunque típicamente las úlceras son autorresolutivas en el transcurso de 7-10 días, en algunos casos pueden durar hasta semanas o meses, dejando cicatrices tras su curación, o incluso pueden ser lesiones constantes. Es importante diferenciar este proceso de la aftosis compleja, caracterizada por la presencia de más de tres aftas orales constantes o la existencia de aftas orales y genitales en ausencia de enfermedad de Behçet. Asimismo, es importante descartar determinadas enfermedades sistémicas que cursan con aftosis oral recurrente, como la enfermedad de Behçet, el lupus eritematoso sistémico y la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (AU)


The recurrent aphthous ulcers are the most common mucosal lesions, which are observed in a 20-50% of the general population. It is a disorder of unknown etiology, and even though typically the ulcers disappear in the lapse of 7-10 days, in some cases they can last weeks and even months, leaving scars after its healing and sometimes the ulcer activity can be almost continuous. It is important to differentiate between recurrent aphthous ulcers and complex aphthosis, diagnosis given to patients with almost constant more of 3 oral aphthae or recurrent oral and genital aphthae in the absence of Behçet disease. Similar ulcers can be noticed in systemic diseases as the Behçet syndrome, systemic lupus erythematous and inflammatory bowel disease (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Estomatite Aftosa/diagnóstico , Úlceras Orais/diagnóstico , Recidiva , Diagnóstico Diferencial
14.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 68(5): 252-254, mayo 2010. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-85127

RESUMO

El nevo melanocítico de la matriz ungueal se define como una proliferación benigna de melanocitos dispuestos en nidos en la matriz. Clínicamente se manifiesta en forma de una melanoniquia ungueal, es decir, como una línea pigmentada longitudinal en la tabla ungueal. Se trata de una localización poco frecuente dentro de los nevos melanocíticos y, aunque tradicionalmente se pensaba que la mayoría eran congénitos, hoy sabemos que casi la mitad de los casos son adquiridos, apareciendo a lo largo de los años. Son más frecuentes en las uñas de las manos que en las de los pies, sobre todo en el pulgar, y a veces son difíciles de diferenciar histológicamente del melanoma ungueal, ya que en un 15% de los casos pueden observarse atipias celulares en lesiones benignas. Dado que el melanoma de la matriz ungueal en niños es excepcional, no se recomienda la realización de una biopsia de la matriz ungueal, salvo por petición específica familiar, aunque es fundamental realizar un seguimiento a largo plazo para detectar posibles cambios sugestivos de malignidad (AU)


The nail melanocytic nevus corresponds to a benign melanocytichyperplasia with at least one nest. These lesions manifestas longitudinal melanonychia, in other words, as a pigmented longitudinal streak of the nail plate. It is an uncommon localization. Although most of the nail matrix nevus reported in the literature are congenital, today the series indicates that acquired nevus are as common. Nail matrix nevus occur more frequently in fingernails than in toenails, being the most frequent localization the thumb. Being sometimes difficult to differentiate in a histological manner from the nail melanocytic, as in 15% of the cases we can observe atypical cells or benign lesions. Because nail matrix melanoma in children is exceptional, we do not recommend a biopsy on children with melanonychiaun less the parents specifically request it, but long-term follow-up is mandatory for the early detection of possible malignant changes (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Nevo Pigmentado/diagnóstico , Nevo Pigmentado/patologia , Unhas/anatomia & histologia , Unhas/patologia , Biópsia/instrumentação , Biópsia/métodos , Biópsia
15.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 68(4): 195-196, abr. 2010. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-85814

RESUMO

El liquen plano es una enfermedad inflamatoria idiopática de la piel y las mucosas. Se caracteriza por pápulas de color violáceo, muy pruriginosas. Afectan en mayor medida a las muñecas, los antebrazos, los tobillos, los genitales y la mucosa oral. El liquen plano es una enfermedad que se presenta con más frecuencia en adultos de mediana edad, y es menos habitual en la edad pediátrica (AU)


Lichen planus is an idiopathic inflammatory disease of the skin and mucous membranes. It is a pruritic papular eruption characterized by its violaceous color. They affect to a greatest extent the wrists, forearms, ankles, genital and oral mucosa. Lichen planus is a disease that occurs most often in middle age adult, being less frequent during pediatric age (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Líquen Plano/diagnóstico , Líquen Plano/patologia , Líquen Plano/terapia , Corticosteroides , Corticosteroides/farmacologia , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Fototerapia/instrumentação , Fototerapia/métodos , Fototerapia
16.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 68(3): 135-137, mar. 2010. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-85092

RESUMO

Presentamos el caso de una niña con nódulos calcificados subepidérmicos, localizados en los pies desde los 2 meses de edad. No había antecedentes de pinchazos ni traumatismos locales. El examen histopatológico reveló múltiples depósitos basófilos en la dermis superior, inmediatamente por debajo de la epidermis. Estos depósitos estaban rodeados de células gigantes de cuerpo extraño. El nódulo calcificado subepidérmico se clasifica dentro de las calcificaciones subepidérmicas idiopáticas, y generalmente afecta a los niños. La lesión suele localizarse en la cabeza y el cuello, sobre todo en la cara, pero puede aparecer en las extremidades. Son nódulos generalmente solitarios, aunque también pueden ser múltiples. Clínicamente se trata de nódulos bien circunscritos, verrugosos, de color blanco-amarillento o eritematoso. Su patogenia es incierta. El tratamiento de elección es la extirpación quirúrgica (AU)


We report a case of subepidermal calcified nodules (SCNs) localized on a girl's feet since she was two months of age. No previous histories of shots or local trauma were reported. The histopathologic examination showed multiple basophilic deposits in the upper dermis, immediately beneath the epidermis. These deposits were surrounded by foreign body giant cells. The subepidermal calcified nodule is classified under idiopathic subepidermal calcifications, and it commonly affects children. The lesion usually occurs on the head and neck region, mainly on the face, but it can be localized on the extremities. They are usually alone, but multiple lesions can appear. Clinically they are well circunscribe, warty nodules, which can be yellowish-white or erythematous. Their pathogenesis is uncertain. The treatment of choice is believed to be surgical excision (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Pé/anatomia & histologia , Pé/patologia , Pé/cirurgia , Calcinose/diagnóstico , Calcinose/patologia , Calcinose/terapia , Trabalho de Parto Prematuro/diagnóstico , Trabalho de Parto Prematuro/patologia , Cuidados Críticos/classificação , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Cuidados Críticos
17.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 67(10): 491-492, nov. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-77703

RESUMO

El eccema herpético es la diseminación cutánea del virus herpes simple en pacientes portadores de enfermedades crónicas de la piel, principalmente dermatitis atópica, o que presentan una lesión de la barrera epidérmica. Es un proceso más o menos grave que puede tener complicaciones, responde bien al tratamiento y requiere un diagnóstico precoz (AU)


Eczema herpeticum is the cutaneous dissemination of the herpes simplex virus in patients who are carriers of chronicsk in conditions, mainly atopic dermatitis or who have a damaged epidermal barrier. It is a more or less serious process that may involve complications, which responds well to treatment and which requires an early diagnosis (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Lactente , Erupção Variceliforme de Kaposi/diagnóstico , Dermatite Atópica/complicações , Erupção Variceliforme de Kaposi/complicações , Erupção Variceliforme de Kaposi/tratamento farmacológico , Dermatite Atópica/tratamento farmacológico , Aciclovir/uso terapêutico , Queixo/patologia
18.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 67(6): 280-282, jun. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-60785

RESUMO

La pitiriasis liquenoide es un trastorno reactivo linfocitario de causa desconocida, más frecuente en la edad pediátrica. Desde el punto de vista clínico, se caracteriza por la aparición de lesiones papulosas y descamativas, de tamaño muy pequeño, que en su evolución pueden formar lesiones ulcerocostrosas. Se han descrito dos formas, una aguda y otra crónica, en función de las diferencias morfológicas de las lesiones, que se consideran dos extremos de una misma enfermedad. El pronóstico de la enfermedad es bueno, con tendencia a la desaparición espontánea, en la mayoría de los casos, entre semanas y meses después de la aparición del primer brote (AU)


Pityriasis lichenoides is a reactive lymphocytic eruption of unknown etiology, more frequent in pediatric patients. From the clinical point of view it is characterized by small papulosquamous lesions that develop into ulcer crust ones. Due to its different morphology, two forms have been described: acute and chronic. It is believed that these clinical forms are extremes of the same disease. The prognosis is generally good and, in most cases, self-limited to weeks or months after the first outbreak (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Pitiríase Liquenoide/diagnóstico , Terapia Ultravioleta , Exantema/diagnóstico , Vasculite/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Remissão Espontânea , Eritromicina/uso terapêutico
19.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 11(42): 313-324, abr.-jun. 2009.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-73124

RESUMO

Los niños son el grupo poblacional en el que más debe extremarse la fotoprotección. Sonmuy sensibles a los efectos negativos derivados de una exposición solar excesiva, y no sonconscientes de este riesgo. Los niños desarrollan una actividad al aire libre mucho más importanteque los adultos, y la exposición a la radiación ultravioleta y las quemaduras durantela infancia son un factor de riesgo fundamental para el desarrollo de cáncer cutáneo en laedad adulta.Es por tanto de vital importancia proteger al niño de los efectos nocivos de la radiación ultravioleta.Las medidas de fotoprotección incluyen las conductas de evitación solar, la proteccióncon ropa, gorros y gafas solares, y el uso de cremas fotoprotectoras.Las campañas de educación solar deben desarrollarse en los hospitales, en los colegios, yen los medios de comunicación, de forma conjunta entre dermatólogos, pediatras, profesoresy responsables gubernamentales(AU)


Children are the population group who most need photo protection. They are very sensitiveto the negative consequences of an excessive sun exposure, and they aren’t aware of therisk. Children have much more open air activity than adults, and the exposure to ultravioletradiation and sun burns in childhood are a risk factor of the utmost importance in the developmentof skin cancer in adulthood.It is therefore of vital relevance to protect the child from the deleterious effects of ultravioletradiation.The photo protection measures include sun avoidance, protection with cloths, caps andsolar glasses, and the use of photo protection ointments.Sun education campaigns should be implemented in hospitals, schools and communicationmedia, and with dermatologists, pediatricians, teachers and political referents altogether(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Exposição à Radiação , Queimadura Solar/prevenção & controle , Luz Solar/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Risco , /administração & dosagem , /uso terapêutico , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Radiação Solar/efeitos adversos , Radiação Solar/prevenção & controle , Raios Ultravioleta/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias Cutâneas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias Cutâneas/radioterapia
20.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 56(3): 180-4, 2009 Mar.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19408784

RESUMO

Neurodegeneration associated with pantothenate kinase deficiency is an autosomal recessive condition caused by mutations in the pantothenate kinase 2 gene (PANK2). Clinical characteristics include progressive motor impairment and dementia. Medical treatment is limited and the dystonia tends to be refractory, making stereotactic surgery with placement of deep-brain electrodes an option that is being adopted with greater frequency in these patients. We report the case of a 32-year-old woman with severe dystonia associated with PANK2 protein deficiency. The patient was scheduled for stereotactic bilateral placement of electrodes in the medial globus pallidus, guided by computed tomography and under general anesthesia, to treat the debilitating dystonia and generalized stiffness associated with her condition. Anesthesia was maintained with propofol, rocuronium and remifentanil in perfusion during the intervention, which was uneventful. After the procedure, the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit and sedation was provided with remifentanil to allow slow, gradual emergence from anesthesia. The patient was discharged from hospital after placement of the implanted pulse generator, and subsequent follow-up showed improvement of the dystonia.


Assuntos
Anestesia Intravenosa/métodos , Estimulação Encefálica Profunda , Distúrbios Distônicos/terapia , Rigidez Muscular/terapia , Neurodegeneração Associada a Pantotenato-Quinase/complicações , Adulto , Androstanóis/administração & dosagem , Distúrbios Distônicos/etiologia , Feminino , Globo Pálido , Humanos , Intubação Intratraqueal , Rigidez Muscular/etiologia , Fármacos Neuromusculares não Despolarizantes/administração & dosagem , Neurodegeneração Associada a Pantotenato-Quinase/genética , Fosfotransferases (Aceptor do Grupo Álcool)/deficiência , Piperidinas/administração & dosagem , Medicação Pré-Anestésica , Propofol/administração & dosagem , Radiografia Intervencionista , Remifentanil , Rocurônio
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